Glossary

the value that is raised to a power when a number is written in exponential notation. In the term 5³, 5 is the base and 3 is the exponent.

the value that indicates the number of times another value is multiplied by itself in exponential notation. The exponent, also called the power, is written in superscript. In the term 5³, 5 is the base and 3 is the exponent.

a condensed way of expressing repeated multiplication of a value by itself. Exponential notation consists of a base and an exponent. In the exponential term 5³, 5 is the base and 3 is the exponent. This is a shorthand way of writing 5 • 5 • 5. Also called exponential form.

for any number x, the numbers that can be evenly divided into x are called factors of x. For example, the number 20 has the factors 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, and 20.

any of the squares of the integers. Since 1² = 1, 2² = 4, 3² = 9, etc., 1, 4, and 9 are perfect squares

a way of describing the exponent in exponential notation. We can say the base is raised to the power of the exponent. For example we read x⁵as “x raised to the 5^th power.”

raising a value written in exponential notation to a power as in (x²)³

the formula used to relate the lengths of the sides in any right triangle

the math symbol , used to denote the process of taking a root of a quantity

a quantity that contains a term with a radical, as in

a way of describing the exponent in exponential notation. We can say the base is “raised to the power” of the exponent. For example we read x⁵as “x raised to the 5^th power.”

any number x multiplied by itself a specific number of times to produce another number, such that in xⁿ = y, x is the nth root of y – for example, because 2³ = 8, 2 is the 3^rd (or cube) root of 8

a convention for writing very large and very small numbers in which a number is expressed as the product of a power of 10 and a number that is greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 as in 3.2 • 10⁴

base	the value that is raised to a power when a number is written in exponential notation. In the term 5³, 5 is the base and 3 is the exponent.
exponent	the value that indicates the number of times another value is multiplied by itself in exponential notation. The exponent, also called the power, is written in superscript. In the term 5³, 5 is the base and 3 is the exponent.
exponential notation	a condensed way of expressing repeated multiplication of a value by itself. Exponential notation consists of a base and an exponent. In the exponential term 5³, 5 is the base and 3 is the exponent. This is a shorthand way of writing 5 • 5 • 5. Also called exponential form.
factor	for any number x, the numbers that can be evenly divided into x are called factors of x. For example, the number 20 has the factors 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, and 20.
hypotenuse	the side opposite the right angle in any right triangle—the hypotenuse is the longest side in a right triangle
leg	in a right triangle, one of the two sides creating the right angle
perfect square	any of the squares of the integers. Since 1² = 1, 2² = 4, 3² = 9, etc., 1, 4, and 9 are perfect squares
power	a way of describing the exponent in exponential notation. We can say the base is raised to the power of the exponent. For example we read x⁵as “x raised to the 5^th power.”
power of a power	raising a value written in exponential notation to a power as in (x²)³
product of powers	multiplication of two or more values in exponential form that have the same base—the base stays the same and the exponents are added
Pythagoras	a Greek philosopher and mathematician who lived in the 6th Century BC
Pythagorean Theorem	the formula used to relate the lengths of the sides in any right triangle
quotient of powers	division of two or more values in exponential form that have the same base—the base stays the same and the exponent in the denominator is subtracted from the exponent in the numerator
radical	the math symbol , used to denote the process of taking a root of a quantity
radical equation	an equation that contains a variable within a radical term
radical expression	a quantity that contains a term with a radical, as in
radicand	the number under the radical symbol
raised to a power	a way of describing the exponent in exponential notation. We can say the base is “raised to the power” of the exponent. For example we read x⁵as “x raised to the 5^th power.”
right triangle	a triangle with one right angle
root	any number x multiplied by itself a specific number of times to produce another number, such that in xⁿ = y, x is the nth root of y – for example, because 2³ = 8, 2 is the 3^rd (or cube) root of 8
scientific notation	a convention for writing very large and very small numbers in which a number is expressed as the product of a power of 10 and a number that is greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 as in 3.2 • 10⁴