The first page is the cover page. The running header shown in the upper left corner reads, in all capital letters, Slavery Today, Involuntary Domestic Servitude. The page number, 1, is shown in the upper right corner. Note: Header includes short title of essay (no longer than 50 characters) and correct page number. Slavery Today: Involuntary Domestic Servitude. Next line, double spaced. Heather Ford. Next line, double spaced. Arborville State University. Note: Cover sheet includes title, name of author, and school name. Next page. The running header in the upper left corner reads, SLAVERY TODAY: INVOLUNTARY DOMESTIC SERVITUDE. The page number, 2, is typed in the upper right corner. Abstract. New paragraph. Slavery, widely thought to be an institution of the past, is still present in many parts of the world. Most often, it takes the form of involuntary domestic servitude, in which people are coerced or cajoled into performing household work for wealthy families on the promise of wages that are never paid. The majority of people forced into this life are women and young girls from the developing world. Occasionally, their families sell them into this life for monetary gain or on the promise that their loved ones will have a better life in the new environment. Because of the secretive nature of the abuses and the pervasiveness of the problem, government regulatory agencies have a difficult, if not impossible, task in enforcing laws against involuntary servitude. Next page. The running header in the upper left corner reads, SLAVERY TODAY: INVOLUNTARY DOMESTIC SERVITUDE. The page number, 3, is typed in the upper right corner. Note: Title uses plain, 12 point font. It is centered with no bolding, underlining, or italicizing. Note: Entire paper should be double-spaced, including the block quotations and abstract. Note: Indent the first line of each paragraph by .5 inches. Note: No extra spaces between heading and title, title and paragraph, and paragraphs. New line, centered: SLAVERY TODAY: INVOLUNTARY DOMESTIC SERVITUDE. New paragraph. Samirah was trained to be a servant and brought from Indonesia to Long Island, New York in 2002. She thought she would be working for the Sabhnani family for decent wages— wages that she would be able to send home to her family. Instead, she was “paid” 100 dollars a month for seventeen hours a day, seven days a week, but she never received any money. For a nightmarish six years, she was exposed to the worst abuses Varsha Sabhnani could inflict, including being starved, cut, and forced to eat her own vomit. Fortunately, she escaped, and she told authorities not only about the abuses but also about her fellow victim, Enung, the Sabhnani’s other domestic slave. The Sabhnanis, Hindu Sindhi immigrants from India, owned a perfumery that they ran out of their home. They have been incarcerated for their abuses of Samirah and Enung. Open parenthesis. Konigsberg, 2008. Close parenthesis. This horrifying case represents but one of thousands of similar human rights abuses known as involuntary servitude—a very real form of slavery, for slavery applies to any situation in which a person is not in control of his or her life. While slavery is outlawed today in every country, it is still prevalent and often hidden in informal workplaces. While most people think that slavery was abolished in 1865, slavery is still alive, although operating in less obvious ways. New paragraph. While slaves in America’s early history were generally limited to those from Africa, according to the U.S. Department of State’s Trafficking in Humans 2010 report, the overwhelming majority of the 12.3 million migrant domestic workers forced into labor today are women and girls from a variety of second- and third-world countries. They start out hoping to migrate from unstable situations in developing countries to first-world countries where they believe that life can be better. According to the U.S. Department of State’s 2010 Involuntary Domestic Servitude report, domestic workers typically work without contracts or legal protection. Next page. The running header in the upper left corner reads, SLAVERY TODAY: INVOLUNTARY DOMESTIC SERVITUDE. The page number, 4, is typed in the upper right corner. Continued from the previous page. These factors become worse when combined with the hardships these enslaved workers face, which include social isolation, a lack of privacy, no autonomy, and no pay. Hidden away in informal work settings, it is difficult for regulating bodies to make inspections. Because of these circumstances, it’s not always possible to know what is going on or how to protect these workers from abuse. New paragraph. These modern day slaves endure abuse from their “employer-owners,” who may take away their passports, withhold wages, prevent any contact with friends or family, and threaten deportation or even subject the slaves to physical and sexual abuse if they do not perform their domestic service. Other migrants who wish to find better economic opportunities are sometimes offered free travel to another country but through illegal methods. Then, because they came to a country illegally, these women often risk becoming forced labor victims. While the U.S. government has set up safeguards to try and protect these women so that all payment mechanisms are transparent and administered fairly, the system does not always work if the women came through illegal channels. They may be blackmailed when they try to report the abuse to law enforcement agencies. For these reasons, there is a vital need for the governments to be aware of involuntary domestic servitude and protect the powerless. Next page. The running header in the upper left corner reads, SLAVERY TODAY: INVOLUNTARY DOMESTIC SERVITUDE. The page number, 5, is typed in the upper right corner. New line, centered. References. Note: Citations consisting of more than one line of text require a hanging indent, which means the first line of the citation is flush with the left-hand margin and all other lines are indented by .5 inches. Note: Use the same font and point size throughout your essay, including the References page. Note: Include sufficient source information. Citations for online sources should include either the doi or the URL. Note: Sources need to be arranged in alphabetical order and not numbered. Konigsberg, E. Open parenthesis. 2008, June 23. Close parenthesis. Couple’s downfall is culminating in sentencing in Long Island slavery case. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com. U.S. Department of State. Open parenthesis. 2010, June 24. Close parenthesis. Involuntary domestic servitude. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/144601.pdf. U.S. Department of State. Open parenthesis. 2010, June 14. Close parenthesis. Trafficking in persons report 2010. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/143327.pdf.